Table 1 Haemato-immunological parameters (mean ± standard deviation) of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fed diets with different levels of trub (0%, 1%, or 2%) for 50 days and exposed to Streptococcus agalactiae. Data were collected 18 days post-challenge. MCV mean corpuscular volume, MCH mean corpuscular hemoglobin, and MCHC mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration

Haemoglobin (g dL^–1)

7.48 ± 1.71

8.88 ± 1.29

8.97 ± 0.82

0.568

Haematocrit (%)

32.85 ± 2.68^b

36.45 ± 1.36^a

34.45 ± 1.83^ab

0.039

Erythrocytes (× 10⁶ μl^–1)

0.42 ± 0.041^c

0.50 ± 0.06^ab

0.58 ± 0.07^a

0.019

MCV (fL)

7.59 ± 0.55^a

6.52 ± 0.51^c

6.53 ± 0.24^bc

0.009

MCH (g dL^–1)

2.14 ± 0.12^a

1.74 ± 0.35^bc

1.52 ± 0.22^c

0.014

MCHC (g dL^–1)

21.60 ± 3.92^c

27.68 ± 0.30^a

24.93 ± 1.11^bc

0.007

Glucose (mg dL^–1)

70.75 ± 5.88^a

61.25 ± 10.74^ab

51.81 ± 5.52^b

0.012

Total protein (mg mL^–1)

26.87 ± 4.99^b

29.88 ± 1.42^ab

33.63 ± 3.88^a

0.023

Total immunoglobulin (mg mL^–1)

17.99 ± 2.39^ab

16.05 ± 1.88^b

20.82 ± 3.83^a

0.039

Antimicrobial activity

2.73 ± 1.69

1.21 ± 1.90

2.74 ± 1.83

0.707

Agglutination titer

5.33 ± 2.66

5.67 ± 0.52

6.00 ± 0.00

0.852